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| Year : 1998 | Volume
: 40
| Issue : 3 | Page : 201-211 |
Neurobiological Characterization of Bipolar Affective Disorders : A Focus on Tardive Dyskinesia and Soft Neurological Signs in Relation to Serum Dopamine Beta Hydroxylase Activity
Utpal Goswami1, S Basu2, U Khastgir3, Unnati Kumar4, R Chandrasekaran5, BN Gangadhar6, Rajesh Sagar7, JS Bapna8, SM Channabasavanna9, Brain P Moore10, I Nicol Ferrier11
1 Professor of Psychiatry & Drug de-addiction Centre, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospital, New Delhi - 110 001, India
2 Senior Resident, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospital, New Delhi - 110 001, India
3 Junior Resident, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospital, New Delhi - 110 001, India
4 Senior Specialist Psychiatrist, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospital, New Delhi - 110 001, India
5 Professor & Head of Psychiatry. JIPMER, Pondicherry - 605 006, India
6 Additional Professor of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore - 560 029, India
7 Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
8 Director, Institute of Human Behaviour & Allied Sciences, Shahdara, Delhi, India
9 Formerly Director and Presently Professor-Emeritus, NIMHANS, Bangalore - 560 029, India
10 Senior Lecturer, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Leazes Wing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom
11 Professor and Head, Division of Psychiatry, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Leazes Wing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom
Correspondence Address:
Utpal Goswami
Professor of Psychiatry & Drug de-addiction Centre, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospital, New Delhi - 110 001
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
PMID: 21494475 
In this study, the prognostic determinants were investigated involving bipolar patients classified into two groups-one with favourable course and outcome, and the other with clearly unfavourable prognosis, based on certain recommended criteria, with intermediate prognosis were excluded. As compared to the poor prognosis group, the good prognosis group had lower social dysfunctions, lower ratings on psychopathotogy fewer indicators of neurodysfunction in form of neurological soft signs (NSS) and tardive dyskinesia (TD). The poor prognosis group was characterized by: (i) older age at onset; (ii) more manic than depressive episodes (5:1) and (HI) lower levels of serum dopamine-H-hydroxylase activity (DBH). The association between poor prognosis' bipolar disorder having neuroleptic intolerance (TD and NSS) with low serum DBH, suggests that it is genetically governed. Further research in this direction seems in order, particularly the follow up of first episode manic disorders.
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